Recent advances have led to rational drug development as new therapeutically actionable molecular targets have emerged. It is important for clinicians to be aware of how to incorporate these novel treatment options into clinical practice in ways that achieve meaningful patient outcomes, as well as best practices for providing supportive care and patient education.

Both acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, while fairly common in allogeneic HSCT, can be potentially fatal. The clinical manifestations of this complication can linger for years and often times impair quality of life drastically. Hematology and oncology specialists can optimize care by early recognition and prompt initiation of systemic therapies.

Pharmacists should be aware of data on targeted therapy and immunotherapy for RCC and be able to make appropriate therapy recommendations. In addition, pharmacists play an important role in the management of toxicity of targeted therapy or immunotherapy and encouraging compliance for patients on targeted therapies for RCC.

Pediatric ALL is a potentially curable malignancy and systemic therapy is the mainstay of treatment. Understanding the diagnosis, workup, and subsequent treatment of this disease will help clinicians play an important role in providing medication-related recommendations, supportive care, and patient counseling which can improve the outcomes and the quality of patient care.

Although considerable progress has been made in identifying supportive care issues in HCT survivors, large, prospective trials demonstrating the effectiveness of supportive care interventions for HCT-related complications are needed to guide future development of evidence-based guidelines. Importantly, because long-term HCT recipients may no longer be followed by transplant centers, recommendations for supportive care should be geared toward community healthcare providers who may not routinely care for HCT recipients.